Shared wallet
A common real-world use case for shared wallets are couples managing their monthly spending, with both parties being able to spend from the wallet. For this situation, we could consider the following private key management schemes:
- 1-of-2 multi-key - either party can spend without the other’s approval
- 2-of-3 multi-key - either party can spend with approval from one additional key
Lightning support
Multi-key on lightning is still in development. This page will focus on on-chain wallets for the time being.
The other person does not need to co-sign every transaction, but we might want a spending limit, above which both parties need to approve the transaction. All multi-key setups are represented by bitcoin scripts on the blockchain, and the spending limit can be introduced as a conditional for both the 1-of-2 or 2-of-3 scheme.
Although the 1-of-2 scheme could work here, it offers lower protection against both theft and self-inflicted loss, unless rigorous manual backups are implemented. For this example we will choose the 2-of-3 scheme, but still have to decide on who will hold the third key, and the location of the other two.
Depending on how tailor-made or interoperable we want this setup to be, we have many options for the location of the three keys, including:
- Individual mobile keys for the two users, plus one held by the co-manager (the product maker) for recovery and co-signing
- Individual mobile keys for the two users, plus a shared external signing device
- Each user can choose their own key location (mobile, external device, etc.), plus a shared external signing device
We are looking for a low friction, easy-to-manage solution that could work for beginners, so in this case, we’ll go with the two mobile keys and the third key held by the co-manager.
Try the prototype below to see what such a user experience could be like.
Onboarding experience
The wireframe screens below show the main onboarding sequence that guides users through wallet creation.
A typical app cover screen to welcome users.
Provide users with information about the scheme and the next steps they are about to take.
The first key is created directly on the device and stored via automatic cloud backup.
The second key is created and stored by the wallet co-holder, which requires exchange of keys outside of the app.
The third key is stored with the wallet provider.
Guide users through the recovery key creation.
Clearly confirm that the wallet was successfully created.
Once set up, users are navigated to the app home screen.
Resources
That’s it for reference designs. The next section covers practical explanations of bitcoin technologies and features that are good to know for product builders.